An edition of The life and letters of St. Francis Xavier
(1872)
The Life And Letters Of St. Francis Xavier
Volume 2
by Henry James Coleridge
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The life and letters of St. Francis Xavier.
1935, Burns, Oates and Washbourne
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Book Details
Table of Contents
CONTENTS
BOOK IV.
FROM THE RETURN OF FRANCIS TO INDIA TO HIS SAILING FOR JAPAN.
1548-1549.
CHAPTER I.
FRANCIS REVISITING THE PARAVAS.
Francis with the Bishop at Cochin. 1
Letter of the King to the Governor 2
Orders regarding religion 3
Character of the Governor 4
Death of Miguel Vaz 5
LETTER LVI. TO JOHN III KING OF PORTUGAL, COCHIN, JAN. 20, 1548.
Information as to the East 6
As to Ceylon in particular 6
Perplexity of Francis as to speaking his mind 7
Causes of mischief to religion 8
Declaration which the King should make 9
Governors and Commandants charged with the interests of religion 10
And to be punished for their neglect 10
Great results to be expected from this policy 11
Francis obliged in conscience to speak 11
Thoughts of Japan 12
Want of preachers of the Society 12
Danger of decay in religion 13
Calumnies against the Bishop 13
Favours asked for Pedro Gonsalvez 14
Increase of religious of the Society in India 16
LETTER LVII. TO THE REVEREND FATHER IGNATIUS OF LOYOLA, COCHIN, JAN. 20, 1548.
Spiritual needs 16
Preachers and men of approved virtue wanted 16
Indulgences again asked for 17
Arrangements of the missioners 17
LETTER LVIII. TO MASTER SIMON RODRIGUEZ, COCHIN, JAN. 20, 1548.
Charge to send preachers 18
Men of virtue required 18
Declaration from the King wanted 19
Responsibility of the King 19
He should prepare for judgment. 19
Charge to be given to his officers 20
Cruel treatment of the converts 20
Francis revisits the Paravas 21
Good state of the neophytes 21
Newly arrived missioners 22
Francis collects them at Munahpaud 22
LETTER LIX. INSTRUCTION TO THE MISSIONERS OF THE COMORIN COAST 23
Care as to baptizing children 23
Continual instruction of children 24
Assemblies on Sundays and Saturdays 25
Explanation of the creed in Malabar 26
Care of the sick 26
Public funerals 27
Settlement of disputes 27
Caution as to punishments 28
As to the Portuguese 29
The Malabar priests 29
The Commandant 29
Conversation with the Portuguese 30
Letters to the Fathers and the Bishops 31
Importance of the care of children 32
Grammar and dictionary of the Malabar tongue 33
Affairs of Ceylon 33
The King of Candy 34
CHAPTER II.
FRANCIS AND DON JOAM DE CASTRO
Joam de Castro 35
His exploit at Diu 36
Triumphant entry into Goa 37
Don Joam and the affairs of religion 38
Treachery of the Rajah of Candy 39
Rodrigo Secheira 39
Illness of Don Joam 40
Francis on board the fleet for Aden 41
Conversion of a sinner 41
Diego Pereira 43
LETTER LX. TO DIEGO PEREIRA, GOA, APRIL 2, 1548.
Pereira exhorted to the care of his conscience 44
Francis at rest 45
Anecdotes of this time 46
Last illness of Don Joam 47
Honours and rewards from Portugal 48
Don Joam's deathbed 49
His devotion to the Cross 50
CHAPTER III.
FRANCIS XAVIER AND HIS RELIGIOUS BRETHREN
Garcia de Sa, Governor of India 51
Francis at the College 52
Arrivals from Portugal — Caspar Baertz 53
Caspar on the voyage 55
Antonio Gomez 55
Joam Fernandez 57
Alfonso de Castro 58
Caspar at Goa 59
Report of the murder of Francis 60
Notices of him in the letters of this time 61
The Comorin Coast 62
LETTER LXI. TO FATHER FRANCESCO ENRIQUEX, PUNICAL, OCT 19, 1548.
Difficulties of the work 63
Its great importance 64
Hostility of Satan 64
The Rajah of the Maidive Isles 65
LETTER LXII. TO FATHER IGNATIUS MARTINEZ, GOA, DEC. 22, 1548.
The College of Villa Viciosa 66
Letters from Europe 66
LETTER LXIII. TO THE REV FATHER MASTER IGNATIUS OF LOYOLA, GENERAL OF THE SOCIETY OF JESUS, ROME, COCHIN, JAN. 14, 1549.
Character of the Indians 67
Trials from the climate and hardships 68
Qualities required in missioners 68
In the Rector at Goa 69
No force in the Society 69
Distribution of the missioners in the East 70
Difficulties from the natives 70
Prospects in Japan 71
Dangers in the journey 72
What Simon Rodriguez might do in India 72
Recruits to be sent 73
The seminary at Cranganor 73
Fra Vincenzo's wishes 74
Francis asks for a mass at S. Pietro in Montorio 74
Statements of Anger about Japan 75
Chinghinquo 75
Sakyamouni 76
Antonio Criminale 76
LETTER LXIV. TO THE REV FATHER MASTER IGNATIUS OF LOYOLA, GENERAL OF THE SOCIETY OF JESUS, ROME, COCHIN, JAN. 14, 1549.
Account of the missioners in India 77
The Japanese way of writing 78
LETTER LXV. TO JOHN III. KING OF PORTUGAL, COCHIN, JAN. 28, 1549.
Commendation of Father Joam de Villa Conde 79
Hostility of the King of Ceylon to religion 80
Terrible responsibility of the King of Portugal 81
The Armenian bishop. 82
The hour of death 83
LETTER LXVI. TO MASTER SIMON RODRIGUEZ, COCHIN, JAN. 28, 1549.
Joy at the arrival of new Fathers 84
Preachers wanted 84
Orphans of the Portuguese 85
Thoughts of Japan 85
The University of Chinghinquo 86
Wine wanted for mass 87
Help for Socotra 87
Intended arrangements at Goa 88
The College at Bazain 89
Cranganor 89
Indulgences for the churches 90
Estevan Luis Buralho 90
Niccolo Lancilotti 91
News from Malacca 92
Reported death of Joam Beira 92
Death of Adam Francesco 93
Simon should come out himself 94
LETTER LXVII. TO MASTER SIMON RODRIGUEZ, FEB. 1, 1549.
Recommendation of two citizens of Malacca 95
LETTER LXVIII. TO MASTER SIMON RODRIGUEZ, COCHIN, JAN. 25, 1549.
Introduction of the bearer 97
Francis at Cochin 99
CHAPTER IV.
ARRANGEMENT OF THE MISSIONS IN INDIA.
Francis intends to go to Japan 100
Attractions of the enterprize 101
Prayers for guidance 101
Discovery of Japan by Mendez Pinto 102
Arrangements to be made in India. 103
Ormuz 104
Great moral corruption there 105
Caspar Baertz destined for the mission 106
Instructions given him by Francis 107
He reveals himself in them 108
LETTER LXIX. TO FATHER GASPAR BAERTZ, GOING TO ORMUZ, GOA, MARCH 1549.
Care to practise lowly employments 109
The poor, the hospitals, the prisons 110
Restitution money to be handed to the Brotherhood of Mercy 110
Great prudence and watchfulness 111
Consideration of human instability 112
Prudence in sermons 112
Not to reprove any by name 113
Private admonitions 114
Carefulness in preparing men for confession 115
Restitution before absolution 115
Great charity with the timid in confession 116
How to deal with doubts as to the faith 117
Penitents to be questioned 118
Especially officials of the treasury 119
Obedience to the Bishop's Vicar 119
Respect to the Commandant 120
Refusal to carry complaints to him 121
Rule as to different ministrations 121
Letters to Goa 122
Inquiry as to dominant vices 122
Kindness to all 123
Rule of life given to penitents 124
How to deal with postulants and novices 125
They must not be too much mortified 126
How to correct them by making them argue against their own faults 127
Similar treatment of sinners 127
Some sinners to be moved by threats of temporal chastisement 128
Circumspection in dealing with all 129
Skilful correction 130
Knowledge of men and of their ways 131
They should be led to make general confessions 132
Hindrance of lawsuits 133
Gaspar to remain three years 133
Duties on board ship 134
What men listen to willingly 135
Study of books 135
Maintenance from the King 136
Invitations and presents 137
Where Gaspar is to reside 137
Conclusion 137
Ordinations at Goa 138
Paul of Camerino 139
Arrangements at Goa 139
LETTER LXX. TO FATHER PAUL OF CAMERINO, GOA, APRIL 15, 1549.
Paul is made Superior 140
Antonio Gomez Rector of the College 141
Carefulness to help the missioners 142
The labourers in the Moluccas 143
Letters to be written 143
Preachers to be provided 144
Missioners not to be moved 145
But kindly received at Goa 146
Francis sails for Malacca 147
His companions 147
Alfonso de Castro 147
CHAPTER V.
FRANCIS STARTING FOR JAPAN.
Conversion during the voyage to Malacca 148
Zeal of Perez and Oliveira 148
Joam Bravo 149
Vasco de Gama 150
His four sons 150
LETTER LXXI. TO JOHN III, KING OF PORTUGAL, MALACCA, FEAST OF CORPUS CHRISTI, 1549.
Intention to go to Japan 150
The Japanese converts 151
Zealous kindness of Pedro de Silva 151
Gratitude of Francis to the Portuguese 152
The King to think of his last hour 153
LETTER LXXII. TO FATHERS PAUL OF CAMERINO, ANTONIO GOMEZ, AND BALTHASAR GAGO, MALACCA, FEAST OF CORPUS CHRISTI, 1549.
Voyage to Malacca 154
Kindness of the Commandant 155
Alfonso de Castro's first mass 155
Expected letters 156
Prayers for the Commandant 157
Expected letters for the Moluccas from the King 157
Queen Isabella and Balthasar Veloz 158
Antonio Gomez urged to affability and modesty 159
Father Paul to preserve internal charity 160
Great deference and love to the Bishop 160
Prayers to be made for the King 161
Preachers for Cochin and Bazain 161
Necessity of a house at Coulan 162
Balthasar Gago to epitomise news from Europe 163
Ruy Gonzalez 163
Hopefulness as to Japan 164
Francis eager to embark 164
No Portuguese ship ready 165
Alfonso Martinez, Vicar of Malacca 165
LETTER LXXIII. TO JOAM BEIRA, MALACCA, JUNE 20.
Indian news sent by others 167
Intended voyage to Japan 168
Alfonso de Castro to stay at Ternate 169
Francis anxious for news from the Moluccas 169
Carefulness in writing to Europe 170
Letters to Goa, and to Francis himself 171
Power of expulsion from the Society 171
Alfonso to make up the letters 172
Provisions as to obedience 173
LETTER LXXIV. TO THE FATHERS AND BROTHERS OF THE COLLEGE OF COIMBRA, MALACCA, MALACCA, JUNE 22, 1549.
Intended voyage to Japan 175
The Japanese converts 175
Fruits of the Spiritual Exercises 176
Reports of Portuguese merchants rom Japan 177
The haunted house 177
The sign of the Cross 178
Reasonableness of the Japanese 178
Determination of Francis 179
He will go to the King 179
Motives of confidence 180
Dangers of the passage 181
Possible scruples in consequence 182
Father Paul to preserve internal Confidence in God when in danger 183
Abstinence required 183
Japanese monasteries 184
Sermons of the bonzes 185
Remarks on the letter 186
LETTER LXXV. TO FATHER PAUL OF CAMERINO AND FATHER ANTONIO GOMEZ, AT GOA, MALACCA, JUNE 22, 1549.
Immense edification given by Francesco Perez 188
Self humiliation of Francis Xavier 189
Rocco Oliveira and his boys 190
Needs of the mission at Malacca 191
To be supplied from Goa 192
Arrangements as to superiority 192
Niccolo Lancilotti at Coulan 193
Martyrdom of Antonio Criminale 194
Introduction to the next letter 195
LETTER LXXVI. TO FATHER PAUL OF CAMERINO AND FATHER ANTONIO GOMEZ, MALACCA, EVE OF ST. JOHN BAPTIST, 1549.
Cristoval Carvalho advised to marry 197
The widow of Diego Froez and her daughter 197
The fathers' debt of gratitude to the widow 198
To exert themselves for her 198
The royal rescript 199
Intentions of the King to benefit her family 200
Eagerness of Francis in the matter 200
LETTER LXXVII. TO JOHN III. KING OF PORTUGAL, MALACCA, JUNE 23, 1549.
Commendation of Duarte Barreto 201
He deserves some reward from the King 202
Francis on the eve of sailing 203
LETTER LXXVIII. TO JOAM BRAVO, MALACCA, EVE OF ST. JOHN BAPTIST, 1549.
Rule of life. Meditation 205
Examination of conscience 205
Faithfulness in observance 206
Continual selfconquest 206
Obedience to Father Perez 207
Openness in confession 207
NOTES TO BOOK IV.
1. Account of Japan sent to Father Ignatius Loyola at Rome, from the statements of Anger (Han-Siro) the Japanese convert 208
2. Account of Japan by Jorge Alvarez 216
Remarks on these accounts 221
Their value 221
BOOK V
FROM THE SAILING OF FRANCIS TO JAPAN TO HIS LAST RETURN TO INDIA.
1549-1552.
CHAPTER I.
Voyage to Japan and stay at Cagoxima.
Modern accounts of Japan 225
The voyage from Malacca 225
LETTER LXXIX. TO THE SOCIETY AT GOA, CAGOXIMA, NOV. 5, 1549.
The crew of idolaters 227
Consulting the devil by lots 228
Accident to Emmanuel the Chinese 228
The daughter of the captain drowned 229
Reflections of Francis 230
Danger of timidity, 230
Confidence in God to be practised in little matters 231
The vessel at Canton 232
Arrival at Cagoxima 233
Paul's reception at Cagoxima 233
Francis and the Prince of Satsouma 234
The bonzes 234
Francis makes little distinction between the various religions 236
Doubts as to the religion of Ninghsit 236
LETTER LXXIX. (continued).
Characteristics of the Japanese 237
Curiosity and hatred of theft 238
Impurity of the bonzes 238
The bonzes and bonzesses 239
Astonishment at the prevalence of unnatural crimes 240
And at the honour paid the bonzes 241
Conversations with Ningh-sit 241
The great field opened in Japan 242
Importance of selfdistrust 242
No reliance but on God 243
Fruits of confidence 244
Care against presumption 244
Resistance to temptation 245
Knowledge of our own weakness 246
Another snare of the devil 247
How to resist it 247
Never to ask with importunity 248
Humble duties 249
Danger of inconstancy 249
Beginnings at Cagoxima 250
The picture of the Madonna 251
Need of knowledge of the language 251
Benefit of dependence on God 252
Of privations in food 253
Possibility of great danger 254
Trust in God 255
Protection of heavenly patrons 255
Assistance of prayers 256
Intended journey to Meaco 256
Japanese universities 257
Letters to the universities of Europe 258
Interview with the Prince 259
Affectionate conclusion 260
Some fathers summoned to Japan 261
LETTER LXXX. TO THE FATHERS CASPAR BACRTZ, BALTHASAR GAGO, AND DIEGO CARVALHEZ, CAGOXIMA, NOV. 4, 1549.
They are to come to Japan 262
LETTER LXXXI. TO THE SOCIETY AT GOA, CAGOXIMA, NOV. 8, 1549.
Preachers to be distributed in India 263
Teaching of the Catechism 264
Two Japanese bonzes converted. 264
Character of Antonio Gomez 265
Plan of Francis for commerce between India and Japan 266
LETTER LXXXII. TO FATHER ANTONIO GOMEZ, OF THE SOCIETY OF JESUS, CAGOXIMA, NOV. 5, 1549.
Antonio exhorted to great care of his own soul 267
Letters expected from him 268
He is warned not to disobey as to sending the Fathers 269
If one is dead, a substitute to be sent 270
The Governor to be induced to open trade with Osaka 271
Merchants at Goa to be tempted 272
Merchandize in demand in Japan 272
The ships not to linger in Chinese ports 273
Not to be allowed to take too much pepper 273
Express orders from the Governor not to linger 274
Orders for India 275
Postscript by Francis 276
LETTER LXXXIII. TO DON PEDRO DE SILVA, COMMANDANT OF MALACCA, CAGOXIMA, NOV. 5, 1549.
Don Pedro's great kindness 277
Prospects in Japan 278
The Japanese do not sin against reason 278
Voyage to Meaco deferred 279
Don Pedro and his father 279
Commerce with Osaka 280
Alms asked for the poor Christians 281
Recommendation of some Japanese 282
Rejoicings at Malacca 282
CHAPTER II.
FIRANDO, AMANGUCHI, AND MEACO.
The Portuguese at Firando 283
Miracles of Francis at Cagoxima 284
The Prince of Satsouma hostile 285
Francis passes to Firando 286
The Castle of Ekandono 287
Stability of the converts there 288
Visit of Father Luis d'Almeyda 289
Francis w r ell received at Firando 290
He determines to go to Meaco 290
He goes to Amanguchi 291
The Prince of Amanguchi 292
Journey to Meaco 293
Its results 294
Presents to the King of Amanguchi 294
Toleration there 294
LETTER LXXXIV. TO THE SOCIETY AT GOA, AMANGUCHI (JULY 1551).
Interference of the bonzes at Cagoxima 295
Occupations there 296
Insults at Amanguchi 297
Meaco 298
The King of Amanguchi 299
Controversies 300
Japanese opinion of the Chinese 301
Zeal and devotion of the new
Christians 301
The gift of tongues at Amanguchi 302
Natural virtues of the Japanese 303
Intellectual activity 304
Necessity of picked men as missioners 305
Difficulties of the converts 305
Joam Fernandez insulted when preaching 306
Impression produced by his meekness 306
Conversion of a young doctor 306
CHAPTER III.
THE KING OF BOUNGO.
Requirements of the Japanese mission 307
Progress and opposition in Amanguchi 308
Portuguese merchants at Figi 309
LETTER LXXXV. TO THE MERCHANTS AT THE PORT OF FIGI, AMANGUCHI, SEPT. 1, 1551.
Inquiry as to who they are 309
Recommendation as to their consciences 310
Francis sets out for Figi 311
Joyful reception by the merchants 312
Message from the King of Boungo 313
Solemn procession to the Court 313
Reception at the palace 314
Civan, King of Boungo 315
Conversion of a bonze 316
Revolution at Amanguchi 317
Francis and the King 318
Conference with Fucarandono 319
Fucarandono dismissed by the King 320
Alarm of the Portuguese 321
They resolve to stay with Francis 322
Conferences with the bonzes 323
The one Creator 324
Question as to means of salvation 325
The two Paradises 326
Amida and Buddha 326
Gods foreknowledge of evil 327
And of the sin of Adam 328
Necessity for theological training 329
Francis embarks 330
LETTER LXXXVI. TO THE SOCIETY IN EUROPE, COCHIN, JAN. 29, 1552.
Character of the Japanese 331
Bonzes and bonzesses 332
No doctrine of creation 333
The five precepts 333
Teaching of the bonzes 334
Notes of credit on the next world 334
Stay at Cagoxima 335
Amanguchi 335
Meaco 336
Favour of the King of Amanguchi 336
Origin of evil 337
No redemption in hell 337
Converts at Amanguchi 338
Antiquity of the law of God 338
Opposition of the bonzes 340
Relaxation of discipline 340
The Japanese devotions 341
Nectandono and his wife 342
Japanese heaven 342
Message from the King of Boungo 343
Determination to sail for India 344
University of Bandou 345
Austereness of the bonzes 345
The house at Amanguchi 346
Japanese difficulties as to hell 347
The Chinese Empire 248
Great consolations in Japan 349
Names of the Japanese gods 350
Paul and his converts at Cagoxima 351
CHAPTER IV.
VOYAGE FROM JAPAN TO INDIA.
The vessel caught by a storm 352
Loss of the boat 353
Confidence of Francis Xavier 354
Francis praying in the cabin 356
Return of the boat 356
Circumstances omitted by Mendez Pinto 357
Nan Chan 358
Plans for a Chinese Embassy 359
Sailing for Malacca 360
The Santa Cioce 361
Siege of Malacca in the summer 362
LETTER LXXXV1I. TO THE SOCIETY AT MALACCA, STRAITS OF SINGAPORE, DEC. 30, 1551.
Passage to India to be secured 363
Francis at Malacca 364
LETTER LXXXVIII. TO MY HOLY FATHER IN JESUS CHRIST, IGNATIUS, AT ROME, COCHIN, JAN. 29, 1552.
Receipt of letter from Ignatius 365
Benefits received in Japan 366
A Rector for Goa 367
Requirements in missioners for Japan 367
Severe trials from the bonzes 368
Men of intellect and training required 369
Great care in selection 370
Pilgrimages recommended 371
State of things at Amanguchi 372
Commendation of the Japanese 372
The Chinese Empire 373
The Chinese and Japanese alphabet 373
Book written in Chinese characters 374
LETTER LXXXIX. TO MASTER SIMON RODRIGUEZ, COCHIN, JAN. 20, 1552.
Requisites for the Japanese mission 375
Belgian and German fathers 375
University of Bandou 376
Difficulties of the mission 377
Tyranny of the Portuguese Captain of the Fishery Coast 378
Petition of the Christians 378
Letter to a Vicar General (note) 380
NOTES TO BOOK V.
1. Letter to the Society at Coimbra from Cagoxima, November 5, 1549 382
2. The evidence as to the possession of the gift of tongues by Francis Xavier 383
3. Disputes at Amanguchi between Cosmo Torres and the Bonzes 386
BOOK VI.
FROM THE LAST RETURN OF FRANCIS TO INDIA TO HIS DEATH AT SAN CHAN.
1556.
CHAPTER I.
LAST STAY OF FRANCIS AT COCHIN AND GOA.
Rapid movements of Francis Xavier 389
The new Viceroy 390
Death of Nunez Ribero 391
Manuel de Moraes and Francesco Gonzalez 391
Ormuz 392
Disturbance at Cochin 392
Set right by Francis 393
LETTER XC. TO FATHER PAUL OF CAMERINO. COCHIN, FEB. 4, 1552.
Dismissals from the Society 393
Melchior Gonzalez and Balthasar Nunez 394
Francis at Goa 395
New arrivals 396
The College of Santa Fe reformed 397
Punishment of Antonio Gomez 398
Impressions of the new Fathers as to Francis 398
He devotes himself to the care of the religious 399
Number of his writings at this time 400
LETTER XCI. TO FATHER MELCHIOR NUNEZ BARRETO, GOA, FEB 29, 1552.
Melchior appointed Rector at Bazain 401
Care of revenues 401
Relief to the missioners 402
Great economy in the Seminary 402
Collection of rents 403
Practice of humility 404
Nunez at Bazain 404
LETTER XCII. TO FATHER MELCHIOR NUNEZ, GOA, APRIL 1552.
Moderation and humility 405
Goodwill of the Commandant and Clergy 405
Giving others credit for good works 406
LETTER XCIII. TO FATHER MELCHIOR NUNEZ, GOA, APRIL 3, 1552.
Melchior's letter received 407
Care to read instructions 407
How to spend the income of the College 408
Intentions of the founders 409
Attention to humble and charitable ministrations 410
Joam Gonzalez Rodriguez at Ormuz 411
LETTER XCIV. TO FATHER JOAM GONZALEZ RODRIGUEZ, COLLEGE OF SANTA FE, GOA, MARCH 22, 1552.
Hindrances to fruitfulness 412
Obedience to the Vicar 412
Watchfulness over self 413
Rule given to Master Gaspar 413
Asking pardon of the Vicar 414
Fruit to be gained without offence 415
News of Japan 415
Great freedom of Francis in writing 416
Alfonso Cipriani at Meliapor 417
His quarrel with the Vicar 418
LETTER XCV. TO FATHER ALFONSO CIPRIANI, APRIL 1552.
Severe blame 419
Harshness the result of negligence 419
No good fruit but by humility 420
The Vicar's pardon to be asked 420
Consideration only won by humility 421
Rules for the future 422
End of the letter in Francis' own hand 422
LETTER XCVI. TO FATHER ANTONIO EREDIA, GOA, APRIL 2, 1552.
How to conduct himself at Cochin 423
The Brothers of Mercy 423
Modesty and humility in general conduct 424
Influence the gift of God to men of virtue 424
Examen of conscience 425
Notes after meditation 426
No haste in hearing confessions 427
Necessity of quitting occasions of sin 427
Satisfaction required 428
Care in conversation 428
Letter XCVII. To Father Simon
Rodriguez, Goa, March 27, 1552.
Andrew Carvalhez sent to Portugal for his health 430
Letter XCVIII. To Father Gaspar Baertz, April 1552.
Practice of humility for a preacher 431
God's bounty to the people the cause of success 431
Prayers of the Society throughout the world 432
Compare the results with what might have been 433
Lights in prayer to be noted down 433
Success of a preacher depends on selfcontempt 434
Instances of the punishment of arrogance 434
Nothing of our own in the salvation of souls 43s
Lower offices in the Society not to be despised 435
Documents appointing Gaspar Rector 436
Ordering him not to leave Goa 439
Communicating privileges to him 439
Providing successors in case of death 440
LETTER XCIX. TO FATHER GASPAR BAERTZ, RECTOR OF THE COLLEGE AT GOA, GOA, APRIL 15, 1552.
How to converse with men without offence 441
Rules as to visiting women 442
And as to conversing with them 442
Time to be given to their husbands 443
In case of quarrel, the husband to be led to confession 443
Wives who wish to enter religion to be discouraged 444
Part not to be taken against the husband 444
Men not to be blamed before others 445
Wives to be admonished of their duty 445
Equal balance to be held 446
If the arbiter fails, let him refer them to the Bishop 446
Great moderation in intercourse with all 447
All angry reprehension to be avoided 448
When attacked by other religious, we are to be silent 448
God will reward us 449
The Bishop may be appealed to 449
The Society not to be defended
in the pulpit 450
LETTER C. TO FATHER GASPAR BAERTZ, GOA, APRIL 1552.
Instruction to a Superior 451
Selfabasement and modesty 451
Disobedience and arrogance to be punished 452
Great care as to admission to the Society 453
Exercises to be given fo postulants 453
Instruction as to the vows 454
Fathers at a distance not to admit subjects 455
Superiors to write every year to St. Ignatius 455
Care as to the contents of the letters to Europe 456
Ignatius to be urged to send Indulgences 457
Great profit from the Jubilee 457
Certain classes not to be admitted to the Society 458
Unlearned men not to be made priests 459
First care to be given to home duties 459
Subordinates 460
Greatest care as to functions of widest usefulness 460
Information as to the fathers at a distance 461
Letters to be written to Francis 461
Great respect to the Bishop 462
And to his Vicars 462
Extension of the Jubilee 463
Arrangements for Diu and Japan 463
And for Cochin 464
As to Melchior Nunez 464
Friendship with the Dominicans and Franciscans 465
The Bishop to settle differences 466
Worldly business to be avoided 466
Persons who come to confession to beg 467
Care of the seminary boys 468
Letters to the King 469
Petitions for aid 469
LETTER CL. TO FATHER GASPAR BAERTZ, APRIL 1552.
Care of the College deeds 470
Annual pension not paid 470
Remedy to be applied 471
Administration of funds 471
Debts to be paid off 472
Warning against building 472
College revenues not to be given away 473
Lists of creditors and debtors 474
How the revenue is to be collected 475
Various orders 476
As to letters to the King 477
LETTER CII; TO FATHER GASPAR BAERTZ, APRIL 1552.
About Antonio Gomez and Andrew Carvalhez 477
LETTER CIII: TO FATHER GASPAR BAERTZ, APRIL 1552.
Former counsels summed up and repeated 478
Francis refuses a College at Chaul 481
The Chinese Embassy 481
Mission of Andrew Fernandez to Europe 482
The Jubilee 483
LETTER CIV. TO MY FATHER IN CHRIST, ST. IGNATIUS, APRIL 9, 1552.
Letter sent in January 483
Designs on China 484
Gaspar made Rector at Goa 484
Needs of Japan 485
Qualities required in the missioners 485
Belgians and Germans 486
A Rector wanted for Goa 486
News of his old companions desired 487
LETTER CV. TO FATHER SIMON RODRIGUEZ IN PORTUGAL, GOA, APRIL 7, 1552.
Brethren sent to Japan 488
Qualities which the missioners must have 489
Letter to Ignatius 489
Mass cannot be said in the Japanese universities 490
Needs of the Society in India 491
Grand prospects in view 492
Simon's journey to Rome 492
Intentions of Francis 493
LETTER CVI. TO FATHER SIMON RODRIGUEZ IN PORTUGAL GOA, APRIL 9, 1552.
Recommendation of two Japanese 494
The Spaniards and Japan 494
Danger to the latter if they invade Japan 495
Object of the visitors in Europe 495
LETTER CVII. TO JOHN III KING OF PORTUGAL, GOA, APRIL 10, 1552.
Letter from Cochin 496
The expedition to China 496
What Francis will do there 497
Grounds of confidence 497
The King urged to ask for missioners 498
And a Rector for Goa 498
At the College 499
Francis taking leave of his friends 499
Last exhortation 500
Maundy Thursday 500
Francis at Cochin 501
LETTER CVIII. TO FATHER GASPAR BAERTZ, COCHIN, APRIL 24. 1552.
Death of Paolo Valle 501
Enrico Enriquez alone 502
Needs at Coulan 502
Firmness with debtors 503
Carefulness in these temporal matters 503
Eredia at Cochin 504
Alvarez Alfonso 505
Temporal means needed 505
Care as to admissions 506
Balthasar Nufiez and Francesco Lopez 507
Letters to Malacca 508
Warning to Cipriani 508
Departure of Francis 509
CHAPTER II.
FRANCIS AND DON ALVARO D'ATAIDE.
Hopeful prospects at this time 510
Don Alvaro d'Ataide 511
Grudge against Diego Pereira 511
Don Alvaro made 'Capitan del mare' 511
Voyage to Malacca 512
Plague at Malacca 512
Pereira's rudder seized 513
Fruitless intervention of officials 514
Patience of Francis Xavier 515
He reveals that he is Apostolic Nuncio 516
Intervention of the Vicar 517
Obstinacy of Don Alvaro 517
Francis allowed to go to China alone 518
Letter CIX. To Diego Pereira, June 25, 1552.
Humble and affectionate condolence 518
LETTER CX. TO MASTER GASPAR BAERTZ OF THE SOCIETY OF JESUS, RECTOR AT GOA, MALACCA, JULY 15, 1552.
Alvaro Gentili 520
LETTER CXI. TO FATHER GASPAR BAERTZ, MALACCA, JULY 16, 1552.
Debt of Francis to Don Pedro de Silva 521
It is to be paid at once 522
Promise made to Diego Pereira 523
Prophecy as to Don Alvaro 524
Disturbance in the Society in Europe 524
Prophecy to Francesco Perez 525
Francis' last day at Malacca 525
Shaking off the dust of his feet 526
CHAPTER III.
SAN CHAN
The Santa Croce at Singapore 527
Letter CXII. To Father Gaspar
Baertz, Rector of the College at Goa,
Straits of Singapore, July 20, 1552.
Troubles at Malacca 528
Why he desires the publication of the excommunication 529
Missioners sent to Japan 529
Injunctions to be observed 530
LETTER CXIII. TO FATHER JOAM BEIRA, STRAITS OF SINGAPORE, JULY 21, 1552.
Interior lights to be kept secret 530
Arrangements to be made at Goa 531
LETTER CXIV. TO FATHER MASTER GASPAR, STRAITS OF SINGAPORE, JULY 22, 1552.
An interpreter for Japan 532
Provision for him 533
The best gold to be sent to Japan 533
LETTER CXV. TO JOHN THE JAPANESE, STRAITS OF SINGAPORE, JULY 22, 1552.
Provision to be made for him at Goa and Cochin 534
LETTER CXVI. TO DIEGO PEREIRA, A STRAITS OF SINGAPORE, AUG. 1, 1552.
Anxiety as to his health 535
Kindness of Pereira's people 536
Letters to the King 536
Recommendation of prudence 537
Sources of spiritual comfort 537
Francesco de Villa 537
The King to be informed as to commerce with China 538
The Bishop's Vicar 539
Great want of water on the voyage 540
Miracle of the water 541
A child restored to life 541
Mussulmans baptized at Tchintcheon 542
Life at San Chan 543
Pedro Velho 543
Promise made to him by Francis 544
Its fulfilment 545
First illness of Francis 545
LETTER CXVII. TO DIEGO PEREIRA, SAN CHAN, OCT. 21, 1552.
Agreement with the Canton merchant 545
Merit of Pereira 545
Manuel de Chaves 546
Thoughts of going to Siam 546
Hopes of meeting in China 547
Francesco de Villa 547
LETTER CXVIII. TO FRANCESCO PEREZ OF THE SOCIETY OF JESUS, SAN CHAN, OCT. 21, 1552.
Perez is ordered to leave Malacca 548
To go to Cochin and be Rector there 549
LETTER CXIX. TO FRANCESCO PEREZ OF THE SOCIETY OF JESUS, SAN CHAN, OCT. 22, 1552.
Francis at San Chan 549
Dangers of the voyage to Canton 550
Greater danger of mistrust in God 550
The Chinese at San Chan 551
LETTER CXX. TO FATHER CASPAR BAERTZ, SAN CHAN, OCT. 25, 1552.
Attempt to enter Canton 550
Study of humility 552
Carefulness as to admissions 553
Punishment of grave faults 553
Dangers of Francis's plan 554
Soundness of his design 555
LETTER CXXI. TO FATHER FRANCESCO PEREZ OF THE SOCIETY OF JESUS, SAN CHAN, NOV. 12, 1552.
Great deserts of Diego Pereira 556
Dismissal of Ferreira 557
Arrangements as to leaving Malacca 558
Malacca must certainly be left 559
The voyage to Canton 559
LETTER CXXII. TO DIEGO PEREIRA, CHAN, NOV. 12, 1552.
Great debt of Francis to Pereira 560
How he will pay it 561
Hopes as to entering China 562
The voyage to Siam 563
LETTER CXXIII TO FATHER GASPAR BAERTZ, SAN CHAN, NOV. 13, 1552.
As to the excommunication of Don Alvaro 564
Reasons for it 564
Few to be admitted to the Society 564
Satan's anger at the designs on China 565
LETTER CXXIV. TO FATHERS FRANCESCO PEREZ AND GASPAR BAERTZ, SAN CHAN, NOV. 13, 1552.
Renewed order as to the excommunication 566
Request to be made of the Bishop 566
Why Francis urges this 567
The Bishop to write to his Vicar 568
Danger of the Canton enterprise 568
Gaspar to attend to instructions 569
Fastidiousness as to admissions 570
Frances struck with fever 571
In the cabin of Jorge Alvarez 571
Last days and death 572
His burial 572
Wonderful preservation of his body 572
Taken to Malacca 572
Reception there 573
End of Don Alvaro 574
Joam Beira at Malacca 575
The body embarked for India 575
Miracles on the voyage 575
At Baticala 576
Arrival at Rebandar 576
Reception at Goa 577
Letter from St Ignatius 577
Body of St. Francis at Goa 578
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