Conflict in Southern Thailand: Islamism, Violence and the state in the Patani insurgency is a study of the insurgency taking place in the southernmost provinces, which pits groups of Malay Muslim militants against Thai security forces and -- particularly in recent years -- against teachers and other local public sector workers, Buddhist monks, Muslim "collaborators," and other civilians. The conflict has already claimed more than 2400 lives and had major political repercussions. With the insurgents apparently in the ascendant, many inhabitants leaving their homes, and the government running out of new approaches beyond arming more local militia, the violence threatens to escalate further, with potentially grave consequences for Malaysia, Indonesia and beyond.