An edition of Looking beneath the surface
(2013)
Looking beneath the surface
medical ethics from Islamic and Western perspectives
by H. M. Vroom, Petra Verdonk, Marzouk Aulad Abdellah, and Martina C. Cornel
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Looking Beneath the Surface explores Arab-Islamic and Western perspectives on medical ethical issues: genetic research and treatment, abortion, organ donation, and palliative sedation and euthanasia. The contributions in this volume discuss the state of the (medical) art, the role of laws, counseling, and spiritual counseling in the decision-making process. The different approaches to the ethical issues, ways of moral reasoning, become clear in these contributions, especially the role of tradition for Islam and the importance of autonomy for the West. Beneath the differences, however, the reader will also discover common values, such as the role of dignity and the value of life, and similar practices. Some of the main differences are sociocultural in nature, rather than religious as such. Well-known experts in the fields of medicine and ethics have contributed to this volume from different religious and secular backgrounds. The book offers a carefully written introduction and final chapter on intercultural comparisons. Looking Beneath the Surface is more than a collection of writings on issues in medical ethics: it helps the reader to compare different paradigms of accountability and moral reasoning.
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Looking beneath the surface: medical ethics from Islamic and Western perspectives
2013, Rodopi
in English
904203730X 9789042037304
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Book Details
Table of Contents
Machine generated contents note: ch. I Introduction Looking Beneath The Surface: Commonalities And Differences Between Islamic And Western Perspectives In Medical Ethics
Introduction
Comparisons, Differences, and Commonalities
The Arab-Islamic Paradigm of Accountability
The Western Paradigm of Accountability
The Law, Religious Reasons, and Medical Codes
The Contributions
Genetic Research, Treatments, and Counseling
Embryos and Abortion
Organ Donation
Euthanasia, Palliative Sedation, Islamic Counseling, and the Right to Decide for Oneself
ch. II The Sources Of Islamic Ethics And Fiqh / Marzouk Aulad Abdellah
Introduction
The Difference between Fiqh and Shari'ah
The Two Sources
Levels in the Obligations and Commands
What is Obligatory (Wajib or Fard)
What is Recommended (Mandub, Sunnah)
What is Neutral or Permitted (Mubah, Sunnah)
What is Advised Against (Makruh)
What is Forbidden (Haram)
Religious Authority
Note continued: The Islamic Scholars (Ulama)
Requirements for the Mujtahid
The Law Schools (Madahib)
Fiqh: Jurisprudence
Ijtihad
The Objectives of Shari'ah
Conclusion
ch. III Genetic Medicine: Facts And Moral Issues From A Western Perspective / Martina C. Cornel
Introduction
Genetics in Health Care
From Research to Health Care
Screening and the Ability of Treatment
Right Not to Know and the Duty to Inform
Genetic Counseling, Non-Directiveness, and Autonomy
Research
The Large Scale of Research
From Research to Practice
From Research to Legal Practice
ch. IV Can Facts About Genetic Research Play A Role In Moral Reasoning? Muslim Perspectives / Gamal Serour
Introduction
Genetic Research and Morality
The Nature versus Nurture Debate
The Role of the Spirit
Muslim Scholars and Genetic Discoveries
Genetic Engineering and Gene Therapy
Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD)
Cloning
Note continued: Assisted Reproductive Techniques
Genetic Counseling
Autonomy
Beneficence and Non-Maleficence
Justice
Ethical and Moral Problems in Genetic Counseling
Genetic Tests Are Probabilistic and Do Not Predict Everything
Costs
Discussion and Conclusion
ch. V Genetic Testing And Counseling In The Case Of Consanguinity: Facts, Ethical And Legal Consequences / Martina C. Cornel
Introduction
Consanguinity: Facts and Figures
Prejudices and Misunderstandings concerning Consanguinity
Medical Implications of Consanguinity
Genetic Health Care for Consanguineous Couples
Principles of Genetic Testing and Counseling
Informed Consent
Non-Directiveness
Respect for Privacy and Confidentiality
Is Legislation Needed?
Conclusion
ch. VI "Notre Huile Est Dans Notre Farine": An Exploration Into The Meaning Of Consanguinity In Northern Morocco Against The Backdrop Of The Medical Risk Of Disabled Offspring / Edien Bartels
Note continued: Introduction
Anthropological Explanations for Consanguineous Endogamy
The Incidence of Consanguineous Marriages in Morocco
Consanguinity and Risk
Consanguinity and Risk: The Discourse of Denial and Acceptance
The Discourse of Denial: Mounia and Said
The Discourse of Acceptance (1): Protesting Women
The Discourse of Acceptance (2): The Women in the Mountains
Discussion and Conclusion
ch. VII The Treatment Of Embryos From An Islamic Perspective / Gamal I. Serour
Introduction
The Status of the Embryo: Distinctions
Ethical Considerations
Embryo Research
Research on Surplus Human Embryos in IVF Programs
Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD)
Fetal Sex Selection
Gene Therapy
Cloning
Research on Fetal Tissue Obtained through Abortion
Conclusion
ch. VIII The Moral Status Of The Human Embryo: Christian Perspectives And The Impact Of New Technologies / Egbert Schroten
Introduction
Note continued: Roots and Context
Lines of Thought
New Technologies and the Status of the Human Embryo
Conclusion
ch. IX Reflections On Termination Of Pregnancy For Genetic Or Non-Genetic Congenital Disorders / Leo P. ten Kate
Introduction
Clinical Genetics
The Dutch Termination of Pregnancy Act
Community Genetics
Prevention
Informed Choice
Reproductive Options
Three Cases
Case I
Case II
Case III
Conclusion
ch. X Treatment Of The Embryo: Facts And Moral Questions / Guido de Wert
Introduction
Conceptual Puzzles, Highly Diverse Practices
What Is a Human Embryo?
Treatments
in Plural
Moral Questions
Overarching Issues
Specific Ethical Questions and Debates
Conclusions and Recommendations
ch. XI Abortion: Medical And Moral Aspects In Islamic Perspectives / Moustafa H. Hegab
Introduction
Stages of Fetal Growth as Described by Theologians
The Sunnah
Note continued: Scholars' Opinions Regarding Abortion
Special Circumstances
Islam and Abortion Because of Pregnancy Outside of Marriage
Islam and Abortion Because of Rape
Islam and Abortion Because of Fetal Deformities
Conclusion
ch. XII Human Organ Transplantation / Ahmed Ragai El-Gindi
Introduction
Ethical Issues in Retrieving Organs from the Deceased
The Islamic View of the Medical Definition of Death
Criteria and Safeguards
Incisions in the Body
General Rules
Incision in the Body to Retrieve the Organ
Does One Have the Right to Donate an Organ?
Types of Rights Pertaining to the Human Body
Rights Pertaining to the Body of the Living Human Being
Rights Pertaining to the Body of the Deceased
Healthy Donors
Organs
The Problem of Financial Exploitation
Conclusion
ch. XIII Receiving A Donor Organ And Muslims In Europe: Theological And Intercultural Dimensions / T.A. Abma
Introduction
Method
Note continued: Case Study
Theological Dimensions
Two Schools in Islam
The Role of the Doctor
Western Bioethics
Intercultural Dimensions
The Doctor-Patient Relationship
Bridging Intercultural Differences
Conclusion
ch. XIV Palliative Sedation: An Exploration From A Christian Ethical Point Of View / Theo A. Boer
Introduction
Palliative Sedation Only Hours or Days before an Expected Natural Death?
Is There a Moral Obligation to "Feed the Hungry"?
Other Religious Questions
Palliative Sedation as Unnatural?
Palliative Sedation as the End of Human Autonomy?
Palliative Sedation as an Answer to Experiences of Meaninglessness?
Is Palliative Sedation Always the Proportional Answer to Suffering?
Concluding Remarks
ch. XV Islamic Care Ethics Between Law And Conscience / Arslan Karagul
Introduction
Abortion: Murder or Necessity?
Turkish Law, Islamic Jurisprudence (Fiqh), and Practice
Case I
Case II
Note continued: Organ Donation
Euthanasia or Suicide
Stopping Treatment, Palliative Care, and Counseling in Dying
Summary and Conclusion
ch. XVI The Islamic Legal System Vis-A-Vis Euthanasia And Organ Transplantation / Mostafa Salem
Introduction
What is Meant by Shari'ah?
Islamic Law vis-a-vis Euthanasia ("Mercy Killing")
Islamic Criteria and Conditions for Transplantation
Islamic Arguments against Organ Transplantation
Islamic Arguments for Organ Transplantation
The Egyptian Organ Transplantation Law, No. 5 (2010)
Donation Rules: Three Situations
Economic and Social Aspects
Medical Aspects
Criminal and Administrative Sanctions
Concluding Remarks
ch. XVII The Right To Moral Independence And Its Meaning For Medical Issues / Arend Soeteman
Introduction
Restricted Law: The Harm Principle
A Liberal Position
The Skeleton of "Human Dignity"
Two Interpretations of Human Dignity
Note continued: How Much Freedom Should the Law Grant in Medical Issues?
ch. XVIII Observations And Comparisons / Hendrik M. Vroom
Introduction
Wealth and Poverty: Different Priorities
Paradigms, Differences, and Internal Diversity
The Social System: "Who looks after me?"
Commonalities
Laws, Counseling, and Decisions
Final Comments.
Edition Notes
Includes bibliographical references and indexes.
English.
Classifications
The Physical Object
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| October 9, 2024 | Edited by MARC Bot | import existing book |
| July 27, 2020 | Created by MARC Bot | import new book |