Nursing is a dynamic and unique discipline currently engaged in controversial changes. One such change is the increasing support for the Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN) degree as the requirement for entry into professional nursing practice. With only about 20% of current RNs holding this credential, there has been increasing pressure for the experienced nurse to return to the academic setting for resocialization to professional nursing practice. Nurses without this credential are finding it increasingly difficult to advance their careers. There is hostility and anger, in that many of these nurses already feel they are professionals and should not be hampered by the lack of this degree. The difficulty of fitting into the traditional academic setting contributes further to the frustration.

The purpose of this study was to correlate subject characteristics with professionalism as measured by the Nurses' Self Description Form (NSDF), a valid and reliable instrument. In addition, the question of whether a non-traditional second-step BSN program based on adult learning theory could achieve the desired end result: a professional nurse, was explored.

This study consisted of 205 subjects representing three states and five geographic locations. All participants were experienced nurses and had been accepted for further academic study. Subjects were sent questionnaires and data returned indicated significant relationships between professionalism and the following characteristics: (1) progression toward BSN degree, (2) membership and participation in professional nursing organizations, (3) the type of nursing experience and, (4) being satisfied with one's chosen occupation. Characteristics not demonstrating significant relationships to professionalism included: (1) non-nursing baccalaureate degrees, (2) the influence of a mentor, and (3) the amount of nursing experience.

The overall level of professionalism of the subjects was high as measured by the NSDF. Mean scores were in the higher range of the scores possible. This sample represented nurses who were involved with a non-traditional, second-step BSN program. Based upon these data, programs such as the one involved in this project can promote professionalism in nursing.